有哪些怪兽是历史之最英语(NO63:人类有史以来最
【编辑声明】 高中/大学无障碍阅读系列材料来自市面或网络上公开的全国各地高考原文、名校模考佳文、《英语周报》、大学各类等级考试中(低、中难度)原文。所有文章均由张九明本人参照《网易有道词典》编译而成。
【详细使用说明见文章底部】【疑似生词汉语加注也许不能完全解决您的生词问题,但你可以自己借助词典进行补充查阅(相信这样的生词应该不会很多)。】
1 Imagine trying to test the memory of the blue hale — the biggest animal that exists or has ever existed, a 190-ton behemoth海中怪兽that darfs (使相形见绌) even the largest dinosaur, a leviathan巨兽 that is rarely seen except hen it es up for air.
想象一下,有人要去测试蓝鲸的记忆力,难以想象!蓝鲸是现存或曾经存在过的最大的动物,是一种重达190吨的庞然大物(足以让最大的恐龙相形见绌)。蓝鲸是一种很罕见的巨兽(很少有人看到它,除非当它游上来呼吸空气)。
hale鲸鱼n,exists存在v,dinosaur恐龙n,rarely很少adv
Ho ould you subject such a creature to a psychological test?
对这样一个生物进行心理测试,你能让它听话臣服吗?
subject使...臣服或顺从-征服-制伏/使..经历或遭受...v
2 You can’t, exactly. But there is another ay to get a sense of ho their minds ork. For years, scientists have been fitting radio tags to these giants to track their hereabouts (下落).
让它臣服绝对不可能!但我们可以另辟途径来了解他们的大脑思维方式。多年来,科学家们一直在它们身上安装无线标签,以追踪他们的行踪下落。
exactly精确地adv,sense感觉/判断n,mind头脑/大脑n,fit安装v,radio无线电n,tag标签n,giant巨兽n,track 跟踪v
By analyzing a decade’s orth of that data, Briana Abrahms from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration has shon that these animals fine-tune the paths of their migrations to track the historical abundances of krill磷虾 — the tiny crustaceans甲壳动物 that they eat.
通过分析长达10年的数据,来自美国国家海洋和大气管理局的布瑞娜·阿布拉姆斯已经发现/表示这些动物能很好地调整了它们的迁徙路线,以追踪海洋里确确实实存在的大量丰富的磷虾(磷虾是微小甲壳类动物,是它们的食物之一)。
analyze分析v,decade十年,orth值某金额的量/能持续某段时间的量n,data资料/数据,national国家的a,oceanic海洋的a,Atmospheric Administration大气治理署n,fine-tune对进行微调v,migrations迁移n,historical历史(上)的/依据历史科学的/真实的/有史可稽的/历史题材的a,abundance丰富/大量n,tiny微小的a
Rather than finding here their prey(猎物) currently is, they go after the places here their prey as in years past. Their migrations, in other ords, are guided by memory. So hat happens in a orld here memory might lead them aay from the right path?
蓝鲸猎捕猎物的方式不是跟着眼前看到的猎物追(不是看眼前利益),而是找猎物出入的规律(到猎物过去几年中常出入的地方去找)。换句话说,它们的迁移是由记忆来引导的。记忆会引领它们离开正在行驶的轨道。那么,它们的大脑世界这样的运行机制又是怎样运作的呢?
rather than而不是c,currently当前地ad,go after 追逐v,in other ords换句话说pp,aay from远离pp
3 Countless species of animals migrate over long distances to exploit far-flung sources of food, but these voyages aren’t just about getting to the final destination. The journey itself can be a sort of food tour, too.
无数种动物需要长途迁徙以寻找遥远的食物来源,但这些旅行并不仅仅是为了要到达最终目的地。旅行本身也可以是一种美食之旅(最终想要吃烧肉,但沿途中碰到什么就抓住机遇吃点什么)。
countless无数的a,species物种n,migrate迁移v,exploit开开拓/利用v,far-flung遥远的/分布广的a,sources源头n,destination目的地n,a sort of一种
Migrating animals often adjust the pace and timing of their movements to hit pulses of seasonal food that spring up along their path. The ecologist Sandra van der Graaf described this as “surfing the green ave” after first observing it among barnacle geese.
迁徙性动物经常会调整迁徙的速度和时间,以应对沿途出现的季节性食物脉冲(一波又一波食物)。生态学家桑德拉·范德格拉夫在观察到北极鹅迁徙的情景后,将迁徙性动物遇到食物脉冲现象描述为“在绿波中冲浪(下文有解释什么是“绿”)”。
adjust(改变…以)适应/调整v,pace步调n,timing确定/特定时间n,pulses脉搏/节奏n,seasonal food节令食品n,spring up迅速出现v,ecologist生态学者n
Others have found the same pattern among asps, elk, mule deer, and bron bears.”
其他生态学家在黄蜂、麋鹿、骡子和棕熊等迁徙性动物中也发现了同样的“在绿波中冲浪/脉冲”这种现象。
4 The blue hales of the North Pacific spend their inters in their breeding grounds off California and Costa Rica. Come spring, they sim up the coast of North America toard the food-rich summer aters of the Pacific Northest.
北太平洋的蓝鲸在加利福尼亚和哥斯达黎加附近的繁殖地度过冬天。春天来临时(When spring es),它们沿着北美海岸游向太平洋西北部丰富食物的夏季水域。
breed生育v,ground地n,off(时空上)离...不远pp,coast海岸n,food-rich 食物丰富的a,aters水域n
They could make the journey in to months (and they do, on the reverse trip back south). Instead, they take tice that time, pausing to gorge (狼吞虎咽) themselves on blooms of krill that appear along the ay. It’s a leisurely season-long tour of a continent-ide buffet line.
他们本可以两个月就能完成这段旅程(反向返回,回到南方也只需两个月),他们实际需要两倍的时间 --- 停下来狼吞虎咽地吃沿途出现大量大量的磷虾。这是一场悠闲的(横跨整个大陆的)自助餐之旅。
reverse相反的a,pause暂停v,bloom开花期/最盛期n,along沿着/顺着pp,leisurely 悠闲的a,continent-ide全大洲的a,buffet自助餐n
5 Scientists can get a good sense of this changing buffet by measuring the concentrations of chlorophyll叶绿素in different patches of ocean.
科学家们可以通过测量不同海域的叶绿素浓度来了解这种变化(自助餐地点的变化)。
concentration浓度/含量n,patch块n
This green pigment (色素) reflects the amount of plankton, hich in turn is eaten by krill. The more chlorophyll there is, the more food a blue hale might find.
这个绿色的色素反映了浮游生物的数量,进而磷虾被吃掉(磷虾喜欢吃叶绿素)。叶绿素越多,蓝鲸能找到的食物就越多。
reflect反射/反映v,plankton浮游生物n,in turn 依次/相应地pp
6 By paring chlorophyll counts to hale movements, Abrahms and her team expected to see that “they follo the timing of their prey, as it bees available,” she says.
通过比较叶绿素的数量和
的运动,阿布拉姆斯和她的团队趣怪网希望看到“蓝鲸会伴随猎物(磷虾)出现的时间节点而出现,因为那时它们才能吃到猎物,”她说。
count数目n,movements活动n,expect期望v,prey猎物n,available可获得的a
But they ere surprised to learn that the animals very rarely tracked contemporary aves of krill. Instead, their movements ere strongly correlated (相关联) ith 10-year historical averages of chlorophyll.
但令他们惊讶的是,蓝鲸的迁徙路线很少随波逐流(很少专门去追踪处于同一时期出入量大的磷虾群)。相反,他们的行动路线与叶绿素过去10年来(历史上的)平均水平有紧密的关联。(蓝鲸是凭“历史经验”, 而不是凭“眼前视野”来确定迁徙路线。)
rarely很少地/罕有地adv,track跟踪v,contemporary同一时代-同一时期的-发生的/当代的a,ave波动/行动n,instead代替/事实上ad
Put it this ay: You could predict a blue hale’s movements ith far moreaccuracy by looking at here their food has been than here their food currently is.
这么说吧:你可以通过观察猎物曾经出现的位置(而不是猎物现在出现的位置)来预测蓝鲸的运动。
put表达v,accuracy精确n,currently 当前ad
【效果说明】 从教30多年的老九老师悄悄地告诉您(众多人中我只告诉你一个人!)高中/大学英语无障碍阅读是迅速扩大英语词汇量提升英语阅读水平之十分有效的手段(我个人近几年年年教毕业班,屡试屡验)!
【适用对象】高一、高二、高三学生,大学生。高一同学可以有选择地阅读(选择能看懂的无障碍阅读)!
【使用方法】以教师为例(学生/家长可参照执行)一、先要求学生做好阅读笔记(叫学生借助“全文汉语翻译”及“疑似生词加注”摘录整理在学习过程中遇到的难句和生词)。换言之,学生除了记在笔记上的难句和生词,阅读材料中的其它句子和单词都应该能完全理解。二、后检查学生对记在笔记上的难句的理解和生词的记忆(没有条件的只抽查生词--注意只要求学生根据英语写汉语)。
本文由张九明原创,欢迎关注,带你一起长知识!