人教版世界之最(停课不停学：人教版高中英语选
CALIFORNIA
加利福尼亚州
California is the third largest state in the USA but has the largest population. It also has the distinction of being the most multicultural state in the USA, having attracted people from all over the orld. The customs and languages of the immigrants live on in their ne home. This diversity of culture is not surprising hen you kno the history of California.
加利福尼亚州是美国的第三大州，而且是人口最多的州。加州与众不同之处在于它也是美国最具多元文化的一个州，它吸引了来自世界各地的人们。这些移民的风俗习惯以及语言在他们的新家都得以延续。当你了解了加州的历史后，你就不会对此感到惊讶了。
NATIVE AMERCANS
美洲土著人
Exactly hen the first people arrived in hat e no kno as California, no one really knos. Hoever, it is likely that Native Americans ere living in California at least fifteen thousand years ago. Scientists believe that these settlers crossed the Bering Strait in the Arctic to America by means of a land bridge hich existed in prehistoric times. In the 16th century, after the arrival of the Europeans, the native people suffered greatly. Thousands ere killed or forced into slavery. In addition, many died from the diseases brought by the Europeans. Hoever, some survived these terrible times, and today there are more Native Americans living in California than in any other state.
最早的一批人具体是在什么时候来到我们现在所知道的加州地区的，谁也说不清楚。，很可能至少在15 ,000年以前美洲土著人就住在加州了。科学家们认为，这些迁居者通过一条史前时代曾经存在的大陆桥穿越北极地区的白令海峡到达美洲。欧洲人在16世纪来到这儿后，土著人遭受了极大的苦难，成千上万的人被杀害或被迫成为奴隶。，欧洲人带来了疾病，使许多人染病而死，不过，还是有一些人在经历了这些恐怖时期后活下来了。今天住在加州的美洲土著人比任何其他州的都要多。
THE SPANISH
西班牙人
In the 18th century California as ruled by Spain. Spanish soldiers first arrived in South America in the early 16th century, hen they fought against the native people and took their land. To centuries later, the Spanish had settled in most parts of South America and along the northest coast of hat e no call the United States. Of the first Spanish to go to California, the majority ere religious men, hose ministry as to teach the Catholic religion to the natives. In 1821, the people of Mexico gained their independence from Spain. California then became part of Mexico. In 1846 the United States declared ar on Mexico, and after the ar on by the USA, Mexico had to give California to the USA. Hoever, there is still a strong Spanish influence in the state. That is hy today over 40 of Californians speak Spanish as a first or second language.
在18世纪的时候，加州是由西班牙统治的西班牙士兵最早是在1 6世纪初期来到南美洲的，他们同土著人打仗，并夺去了他们的土地。两个世纪以后，西班牙人在南美洲的大部分地区定居下来，而且还在我们现在称之为美国的西北沿海地区住下来。在首批移居加州的西班牙人中，大部分是宗教人士，他们的职责是向原住民传授天主教。1821年，墨西哥人从西班牙获得了独立-加州于是成了墨西哥的一部分。1846年美国向墨西哥宣战，美国赢得战争胜利后，墨西哥被迫把加州割让给美国。，这个州至今仍然保留着很强的西班牙的影响。这就是为什么今天还有40%的加州人仍然把西班牙语作为第一或第二语言的缘故。
RUSSIANS
俄罗斯人
In the early 1800s, Russian hunters, ho had originally gone to Alaska, began settling in California. Today there are about 25,000 Russian-Americans living in and around San Francisco.
19世纪初期，一批最初到阿拉斯加的俄罗斯猎人开始在加州定居下来。今天，住在圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）及其周边地区的美籍俄罗斯人约有25,000人。
GOLD MINERS
淘金矿工
In 1848, not long after the American-Mexican ar, gold as discovered in California. The dream of being rich quickly attracted people from all over the orld. The nearest, and therefore the first to arrive, ere South Americans and people from the United States. Then adventurers from Europe and Asia soon folloed. In fact, fe achieved their dream of being rich. Some died or returned home, but most remained in California to make a life for themselves despite great hardship. They settled in the ne tons or on farms. By the time California elected to bee the thirty-first federal state of the USA in 1850, it as already a multicultural society.
1848年，在美国同墨西哥开战之后不久，在加州发现了金矿。发财梦很快就吸引了世界各地的人。距离最近因而来得最早的是南美洲人和美国人。随后跟着来的有欧洲和亚洲的探险家。事实上很少有人圆了发财梦。一些人死了或回家了，尽管条件十分艰苦，多数人还是留在了加州劳作谋生，并在新的城镇或农场里定居下来。到1850年加州成为美国第31个州的时候，它已经是一个有着多种文化的社会了。
LATER A RRIVALS
后来的移民
Although Chinese immigrants began to arrive during the Gold Rush Period, it as the building of the rail netork from the est to the east coast that brought even larger numbers to California in the 1860s. Today, Chinese-Americans live in all parts of California, although a large percentage have chosen to stay in the "Chinatons" of Los Angeles and San Francisco.
虽然中国移民在淘金热时期就开始到来了，更大批量的移民却是在1 9世纪60年代为了修建贯穿美国东西海岸的铁路而来的。今天，加州州各地都有美籍华人，尽管有很大比例的华人还是选择住在洛杉矶和圣弗朗西斯科（旧金山）的“中国城”里。
Other immigrants such as Italians, mainly fishermen but also ine makers, arrived in California in the late 19th century. In 1911 immigrants from Denmark established a ton of their on, hich today still keeps up their Danish culture. By the 1920s the film industry as ell established in Hollyood, California. The industry boom attracted Europeans including many Jeish people. Today California has the second largest Jeish population in the United States.
19世纪后期，其他国家的移民，比如意大利人来到了加州，他们主要是渔民，也有制酒工人。1911年，丹麦的移民建立了自己的城镇，至今仍然保留着丹麦文化。 20世纪20年代，电影业在加州的好莱坞建立了起来。这个行业吸引了大量的欧洲人，包括许多犹太人。今天，加州的犹太人口在美国占第二位。
Japanese farmers began arriving in California at the beginning of the 20th century, and since the 1980s a lot more have settled there. People from Africa have been living in California since the 1800s, hen they moved north from Mexico. Hoever, even more arrived beteen 1942 and 1945 to ork in the ship and aircraft industries.
日本农民是在20世纪初期开始到加州来的，而从20世纪80年代以来就有更多的日本人在加州定居了。非洲人从1 9世纪就在加州住下来，他们是从墨西哥向北迁来的。，更多的非洲人是在1942年至1945年期间来到加州的，当时他们是到船厂和飞机厂工作。
MOST RECENT ARRIVALS
最近期的移民
In more recent decades, California has bee home to more people from Asia, including Koreans, Cambodians, Vietnamese and Laotians. Since its beginning in the 1970s, the puter industry has attracted Indians and Pakistanis to California.
在最近的几十年里，加州成了更多的亚洲人的家，包括朝鲜人、柬埔寨人、越南人和老挝人。从20世纪70年代以来，计算机工业吸引了印度人和巴基斯坦人来到加州。
THE FUTURE
未来展望
People from different parts of the orld, attracted by the climate and the lifestyle, still immigrate to California. It is believed that before long the mix of nationalities ill be so great that there ill be no distinct major racial or cultural groups, but simply a mixture of many races and cultures.
世界各地的人，由于受到气候条件和生活方式的吸引，仍然在继续迁入加州。人们认为，要不了多久，多种国籍的混合将会非常之大，以致不可能存在一种主要的种族或文化群体，而是多种族、多文化的混合体。
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