2019年高考全国1卷英语试题及答案
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绝密★启用前
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I)
英 语
注意事项
1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
例Ho much is the shirt?
A. ￡19.15.
B. B. ￡9.18.
C. C. ￡9.15.
答案是C。
1.Where does this conversation take place?
A. In a classroom.
B. In a hospital.
C.In a museum.
2.What does Jack ant to do?
A. Take fitness classes.
B. Buy a pair of gym shoes.
C. Change his ork schedule.
3.What are the speakers talking about?
A. What to drink.
B. Where to meet
C. When to leave.
4.What is the relationship beteen the speakers?
A. Colleges.
B. Clasates.
C. Strangers.
5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation?
A. She might ant a ticket.
B. She is looking for the man.
C. She has an extra ticket.
第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Ho long did James run his business?
A.10 years.B.13years.C.15 years.
7.Ho does the oman feel about James' situation?
A. Embarrassed.B. Concerned.C. Disappointed.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8.What has Kate's mother decided to do?
A. Return to school.B. Change her job.C. Retire from ork.
9.What did Kate's mother study at college?
A. Oil painting.B. Art history.C. Business administration.
10.What is Kate's attitude toard her mother's decision?
A. Disapproving.B. Ambiguous. C. Understanding.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11.What is the man doing?
A. Chairing a meeting.
B. Hosting a radio program.
C. Conducting a job intervie.
12.What benefits Mary most in her job?
A. Her ide reading.B. Her leaders' guidance.C. Her friends' help
13.Who ill Mary talk about next?
A. Her teacher.B. Her father C. Her mother.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14.Why does the man seldom do exercise?
A. He lacks motivation.
B. He has a heart problem.
C. He orks all the time.
15.What does Jacob Sattelmair probably do?
A. He's an athlete. B. He's a researcher.C. He's a journalist.
16.Why does the oman speak of a study?
A. To encourage the man.
B. To remend an exercise.
C. To support her findings.
17.Ho much time ill the man probably spend exercising eekly?
A.300 minutes.B.150 minute.C.75 minutes.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18.What did the scientists do to the road?
A. They repaired it.B. They painted it.C. They blocked it
19.Why are young birds dran to the road surface?
A. It's arm.B. It's bron. C. It's ooth.
20.What is the purpose of the scientists' experiment?
A. To keep the birds there for a hole year.
B. To help students study the birds ell.
C. To prevent the birds from being killed.
第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Need a Job This Summer?
The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and hat you need to apply depend on the program.
Not a student? Go to the government ebsite to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.
Jobs for Youth
If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible(符合条件)for this program. Which provides eight eeks of paid employment along ith training.
Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select munities(社区).
Summer Company
Summer Company provides students ith hands-on business training and aards of up to $3,000 to start and run their on summer businesses.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall.
Steardship Youth Ranger Program
You could apply to be a Steardship Youth Ranger and ork on local natural resource management projects for eight eeks this summer.
Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.
Summer Employment Opportunities(机会)
Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and munity groups.
Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons ith a disability.
21. What is special about Summer Company?
A. It requires no training before employment.
B. It provides aards for running ne businesses.
C. It allos one to ork in the natural environment.
D. It offers more summer job opportunities.
22. What is the age range required by Steardship Youth Ranger Program?
A.15-18. B.15-24. C.15-29.D.16-17.
23. Which program favors the disabled?
A. Jobs for Youth. B. Summer Company.
C. Steardship Youth Ranger Program.
D. Summer Employment Opportunities.
B
For Canaan Elementary’s second grade in Patchogue, N.Y.，today is speech day ,and right no it’s Chris Palaez’s turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the of kid ho ould enjoy public speaking.
But he’s, nervous.“I’m here to tell you today hy you should … should…”Chris trips on the“-ld,”a. pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher ,Thomas Whaley ,is next to him, hispering support.“…Vote for …me …”Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly ell. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion ,Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.
A son of immigrants, Chris stared learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls(回想起)ho at the beginning of the year，hen called upon to read，Chris ould excuse himself to go to the bathroom.
Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher ho lets you make mistakes. “It takes a lot for any student，” Whaley explains，“especially for a student ho is learning English as their ne language，to feel confident enough to say，‘I don’t kno，but I ant to kno.’”
Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project hen he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The anser broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He ants these kids to learn to boast(夸耀)about themselves.
“Boasting about yourself，and your best qualities,” Whaley says，“is very difficult for a child ho came into the classroom not feeling confident.”
24. What made Chris nervous?
A. Telling a story.B. Making a speech.
C. Taking a test.D. Ansering a question.
25. What does the underlined ord “stumbles” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Improper pauses.B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes.D. Silly jokes.
26. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley’s project is to _________.
A. help students see their on strengths
B. assess students’ public speaking skills
C. prepare students for their future jobs
D. inspire students’ love for politics
27. Which of the folloing best describes Whaley as a teacher?
A. Humorous. B. Ambitious. C. Caring.D. Demanding.
C
As data and identity theft bees more and more mon, the market is groing for biometric(生物测量)technologies—like fingerprint scans—to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have e up ith a lo-cost device(装置)that gets around this problem: a art keyboard. This art keyboard precisely measures the cadence(节奏)ith hich one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time beteen key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, hether they should be given access to the puter it's connected to—regardless of hether someone gets the passord right.
It also doesn't require a ne type of technology that people aren't already familiar ith. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the ord “touch”four times using the art keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on ho they typed, ith very lo error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforard to mercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.
28. Why do the researchers develop the art keyboard?
A. To reduce pressure on keys. B. To improve accuracy in typing
C. To replace the passord system. D. To cut the cost of e-space protection.
29. What makes the invention of the art keyboard possible?
A. Computers are much easier to operate.
B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.
C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.
D. Data security measures are guaranteed.
30. What do the researchers expect of the art keyboard?all 1o soisgitieoco oll.
A. It'll be environment-friendly. B. It'll reach consumers soon.
C. It'll be made of plastics. D. It'll help speed up typing.
31. Where is this text most likely from?
A. A diary. B.A guidebookC. A novel.D. A magazine.
D
During the rosy years of elementary school(小学), I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, hich alloed me to keep my high social status. I as the queen of the playground. Then came my teens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by oking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among hom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a ell-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into to categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables’ plays-ell-ith-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, hen tapped early, are employed ever after in life and ork. Then there’s the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of poer and even dishonorable behavior.
Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein’s studies sho unpleasant consequences. Those ho ere highest in status in high school, as ell as those least liked in elementary school, are “most likely to engage(从事)in dangerous and risky behavior.”
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the to types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys(调查研究). “We found that the least ell-liked teens had bee more aggressive over time toard their clasates. But so had those ho ere high in status. It clearly shoed that hile likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors ant you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness — carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect ith others.
In analyzing his and other research，Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outes, but it is also responsible for those outes, too. "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for ne kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, ” he said.
32. What sort of girl as the author in her early years of elementary school?
A. Unkind. B. Lonely. C. Generous. D. Cool.
33.What is the second paragraph mainly about?
A. The classification of the popular.
B. The characteristics of adolescents.
C. The importance of interpersonal skills.
D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.
34. What did Dr. Prinstein’s study find about the most liked kids?
A. They appeared to be aggressive.
B. They tended to be more adaptable.
C. They enjoyed the highest status.
D. They performed ell academically.
35. What is the best title for the text?
A. Be Nice-You Won’t Finish Last
B. The Higher the Status, the Beer
C. Be the Best-You Can Make It
D. More Self-Control, Less Aggressiveness
第二节 (共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?
We all gre up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” 36 According to recent studies，the anser is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good.
37 If the air you’re breathing is clean-hich it ould be if you’re aay from the og of cities-then the air is filled ith life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body ill learn to breathe more deeply，alloing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain.
Recently，people have begun studying the connection beteen the natural orld and healing(治愈). 38 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，groing things can reduce stress，loer blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their indo are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients ho see buildings or sky instead. 39 It gives us a great feeling of peace.
40 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start orking, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's orth of Vitamin D.
A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.
B. So hat are you aiting for?
C. Being in nature refreshes us.
D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.
E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother alays said?
F. Just as importantly, e tend to associate air ith health care.
G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing Gardens.
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 (共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 41 ith them lots of aste. The 42 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers(冰川)are disappearing, changing the 43 of Kilimanjaro.
Hearing these stories, I’m 44 about the place — other destinations are described as “purer” natural experiences.
Hoever, I soon 45 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 46 among tons of rubbish. I find a 47 mountain, ith toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 48 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority seem to be 49 .
The best of a Kilimanjaro 50 , in my opinion, isn’t reaching the top. Mountains are 51 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 52 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 53 go through five ecosystems(生态系统)in the space of a fe kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 54 lands of lo groing plants. Further up, the eather 55 — lo clouds envelope the mountainsides, hich are covered ith thick grass. I 56 telve shades of green from here I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 57 : gravel(砾石), stones and rocks. 58 you climb into an arctic-like zone ith 59 sno and the glaciers that may soon disappear.
Does Kilimanjaro 60 its reputation as a croded mountain ith lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace?I found the opposite to be true.
41. A. keepB. mix C. connect D. bring
42. A. stories B. buildings C. crods D. reporters
43. A. positionB. ageC. face D. name
44. A. silentB. skeptical C. serious D. crazy
45. A. discoverB. argue C. decide D. advocate
46. A. equipment B. grassC. camps D. stones
47. A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean
48. A. neB. special C. significant D. necessary
49. A. paying off B. spreading out C. bloing up D. fading aay
50. A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight
51. A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded
52. A. vieB. quality C. reasonD. purpose
53. A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials
54. A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving ay to
55. A. changes B. clears C. improvesD. permits
56. A. match B. imagine C. count D. add
57. A. village B. desert C. roadD. lake
58. A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally
59. A. permanent B. littleC. fresh D. artificial
60. A. enjoy B. deserve C. saveD. acquire
第二节 (共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Nefoundland. While they are rare north of 88°,there is evidence 61 they range all the ay across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 62 (poor) studied; hoever, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears orldide.
Modem methods 63 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s,and are expensive 64 (perform) consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 65 (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 66 (believe) that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 67 (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(错觉) that populations are 68 (high) than they actually are. Of 69 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 70 (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I became interesting in playing football thanks to a all accident. One afternoon here I as in primary school, I as alking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone`s surprising, the ball ent into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From no on, I started to play my football ith clasates after school. I am a good player no.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括
1.写信目的
2.个人优势
3.能做的事情。
注意
1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;
3.结束语已为你写好。
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语试题参考答案
第一部分 听力
1. B 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A
6. C 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. C
11. B12. A13. C14. A15. B
16. A17. C 18. B19. A20. C
第二部分 阅读理解
21. B22. D23. D24. B 25. A
26. A27. C28. D29. C30. B
31. D32. C33. A34. B35. A
36. E37. A38. G39. C40. D
第三部分 语言知识运用
41. D42. C43. C44. B45. A
46. C47. D48. C49. A50. B
51. D52. A53. B54. D55. A
56. C57. B58. D59. A60. B
61. that 62. poorly 63. of/for 64. to perform 65. have report
66. belief 67. noting68. higher 69. the 70. are
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